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Addressing the Nutritional Needs of Older People in Emergency Situations in Africa: Ideas for Action

Report bringing together some of the key issues affecting the nutrition of older people in emergencies and offers some suggestions for ways in which the rights and needs of older people can be more effectively addressed. The report is divided into six main sections that seek to provide an overview of the main nutritional issues facing older people in...

Published in 2001, by HelpAge International, African Regional Development Centre

Agricultural mechanization in Africa... Time for action

This publication is a Report of an Expert Group Meeting (EGM) convened by UNIDO and FAO, that was attended by participants from all over sub-Saharan Africa as well as other parts of the world THE EGM was held in Vienna, Austria on 29 to 30 November 2007, with the objectives of reviewing the current situation and constraints on agricultural mechanization in...

Published in 2008, by FAO, UNIDO

Assessing micronutrient deficiencies in emergencies-Current practice and future directions

This document explores options available for investigating micronutrient deficiencies, draws attention to the best practices and includes references to practical tools and guidelines.

Published in 2007, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Back by popular demand: The benefits of traditional vegetables

This booklet describes how reintroducing traditional leafy vegetables had an impact on the lives of people in a community near Nairobi, Kenya, thanks largely to the inspiration of one farmer.

Published in 2006, by IPGRI

Carrots & Sticks: The Political Economy of Nutrition Policy Reforms

In May 2007 the World Bank held an international workshop to help increase the impact of nutrition programs and policies at country level. The ultimate goal was to allow the World Bank and its partners to develop tools and activities to deliver better outcomes at country level.

Published in 2009, by World Bank

Chad – a country in crisis

This evaluation reviewes progress and performance of the humanitarian response, and its interface with the existing Chad health system. It also examines the health effects and implications of cross-border population movements, and health service accessibility for both refugees and the host population.

Published in 2007, by Nigel Pearson

Community-based Therapeutic Care - Special Supplement

This report supplement presents a collection of articles written by people who have been involved in Community-based Therapeutic Care (CTC) programmes. The contributions come from Valid International's CTC research and development team, operational agencies implementing CTC programmes, independent practitioners and academics involved in the research and...

Published in 2004, by Emergency Nutrition Network

COURSE DIRECTOR SUMMARY: Training Course on the Management of Severe Malnutrition

COURSE DIRECTOR SUMMARY Training Course on the Management of Severe Malnutrition

Published in 2003, by WHO

Document hors série 15: Faire grandir la lueur d'espoir; L'aide alimentaire comme moyen d'améliorer l'accès à l'éducation des orphelins et des autres enfants vulnérables d'Afrique subsaharienne

Ce discours revient inlassablement. Chaque nouveau rapport qui sort, chaque article publié et chaque allocution prononcée déplorent le fait qu’une génération entière soit privée des bénéfices du développement à cause de l’épidémie mondiale de SIDA. Cette vérité troublante n’est nulle part plus évidente que dans certaines parties...

Published in 2003, by PAM - WFP, Robin Landis

Document hors série 16: Enrichissement des aliments sur place pour améliorer la nutrition: Le cas de l'Afghanistan, de l'Angola et de la Zambie

Le présent document expose trois approches suivies par le PAM pour enrichir les aliments en Afghanistan, en Angola et en Zambie, et examine les obstacles rencontrés et les résultats obtenus pour partager les informations ainsi rassemblées avec les autres organismes qui s'emploient à améliorer la situation nutritionnelle des pauvres et des groupes...

Published in 2006, by PAM - WFP, Tina Van den Briel, Edith Cheung, Jamshid Zewari, Rose Chan

Documento especial 15: Avivar la “llama de la esperanza”; Uso de la ayuda alimentaria para mejorar el acceso a la educación de los huérfanos y otros niños vulnerables del África subsahariana

Lo oímos una y otra vez. Parece como si cada nuevo informe que se da a conocer, cada artículo que se publica y cada discurso que se pronuncia condenaran el hecho de que la epidemia mundial del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) esté acabando con una generación de beneficios para el desarrollo. En...

Published in 2003, by PMA - WFP, Robin Landis

Documento especial 16: Enriquecimiento de alimentos sobre el terreno para mejorar la nutrición: estudios de casos en el Afganistán, Angola y Zambia

En este documento especial se presentan tres métodos utilizados por el PMA para enriquecer los alimentos en el Afganistán, Angola y Zambia, y se examinan las dificultades encontradas y los resultados conseguidos. El objetivo es compartir estos conocimientos con otras entidades dedicadas a mejorar el estado nutricional de las poblaciones pobres y aquejadas...

Published in 2006, by PMA - WFP, Tina Van den Briel, Edith Cheung, Jamshid Zewari, Rose Chan

Estudo de Caso de Angola - Sobre o direito humano à alimentação adequada

Este estudo de caso baseado nas experiências vividas e relatoríos intermediários oferece uma oportunidade de reforçar as capacidades nacionais dos países envolvidos através da troca de experiências específicas entre si, visando a elaboração de estratégias pertinentes de segurança alimentar e nutricional, bem como o desenvolvimento dos planos...

Published in 2005, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Estudo de Caso Sobre a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional no Processo de Desenvolvimento de Moçambique

Neste exercício, a SAN é o ponto de partida de analise no processo de implementação das MDM dos diferentes sectores de desenvolvimento sócio - económico. O DHAA é usado como um instrumento de visualização e análise dos programas de SAN em relação às seguintes considerações respeitar, proteger, realizar e garantir que constituem os componentes primordiais.

Published in 2005, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Fifth Report on the World Nutrition Situation

The 5th Report continues the tradition of reporting on trends in nutrition throughout the life cycle and of challenging the nutrition community. But instead of asking the question: how is nutrition affected by global changes? the 5th Report asks the question more proactively: how can a nutrition perspective accelerate the attainment of a comprehensive set of...

Published in 2004, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

First Report on the World Nutrition Situation

The overall objectives of the report are to provide an agreed basis for raising awareness of malnutrition - its extent, severity and trends - to advocate that increased attention be given to preventing this extensive and serious human problem. The report, through the indicators and their interpretation, should demonstrate the inter-sectoral nature of the...

Published in 1987, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

First Report on the World Nutrition Situation - Supplement on Methods and Statistics

This supplement to the ACC/SCN's First Report on the World Nutrition Situation essentially expands section 4 of that report - the Technical Notes - to give more details, for two main purposes. In the first place, it was felt that an understanding of what is known about the world nutrition situation needs considerable detail on sources of data, assumptions,...

Published in 1988, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Food Processing Pilot Centres - An approach to productive capacity-building for trade and poverty alleviation in Africa

The Food Processing Pilot Centres (FPPCs) play a central role in the food industry value chain as they reinforce and manage the fundamental linkage between agriculture and the industry/market through technological upgrading, business networking and market access improvement, thus creating a more favorable environment for business development. The rural...

Published in 2007, by UNIDO

Food Security and Nutrition: Meeting the Needs of Orphans and Other Children Affected by HIV and AIDS in AFRICA

This research was undertaken in an effort to understand the complex issues of food security and nutrition faced by Africa’s orphans and other children affected by HIV and AIDS, their families and communities, and to present a synopsis of where we stand today on programmatic issues including targeting, effective programming and monitoring and evaluation (M&E).

Published in 2007, by Kara Greenblott, Kate Greenaway

Fourth Report on the World Nutrition Situation Nutrition throughout the Life Cycle

The Fourth Report on the World Nutrition Situation is part of a series of ACC/SCN reports initiated in the mid-1980s on the nutritional status of populations in developing countries. While earlier reports have focused on regional trends in preschool undernutrition, this report is built around the theme nutrition throughout the life cycle. This change was...

Published in 2000, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

From Food Crisis to Fair Trade; Livelihood Analysis, Protection and Support in Emergencies

This report supplement aims to collate and analyse recent experiences of livelihoods programming in emergencies. The document provides guidance on livelihoods programming, includes practical examples from the field and summarises recent thinking. It provides an overview of what livelihoods programming is and examples of the range of interventions that are...

Published in 2006, by ENN, Oxfam

Gender and Climate Change - Women Matter

This paper seeks to draw attention to the gender dimension of climate change and the need to integrate gender issues in climate change responses, with particular emphasis on women’s concerns.

Published in 2009, by UNECA

HANDBOOK Developing and Applying National Guidelines on Nutrition and HIV/AIDS

This HANDBOOK is designed to increase nutrition capacity in East and southern Africa with a focus on the processes involved when adapting existing nutritional guidelines to suit country-specific situations and objectives. It includes guidance on how to use and produce technical material as well as monitoring and evaluating their use. It is aimed at health...

Published in 2003, by FANTA, RCQHC - Regional Centre for Quality of Health Care

HarvestPlus - Le haricot

Des millions d’Africains souffrent de carence en fer ou d’anémie ferriprive. En bas âge, pendant l’enfance et durant l’adolescence, cette carence entrave la croissance physique et l’endurance, le développement mental, ainsi que les capacités d’apprentissage. Pour plus de 300 millions de personnes, le haricot joue un rôle important dans le...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

HarvestPlus - Le manioc

La carence en vitamine A accroît le risque de maladies telles que la diarrhée ou la rougeole et, dans les cas sévères, peut même provoquer la cécité chez les enfants. Le manioc est une culture facilement adaptable qui croît dans les sols peu fertiles et qui est capable de supporter les maladies et la sécheresse. C’est pourquoi il s’agit d’un...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

HarvestPlus Bean Strategy

Millions of Africans suffer from iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. During infancy, childhood, and adolescence, this deficiency impairs physical growth and endurance, mental development, and learning capacity. For more than 300 million people, beans are an important part of the diet, especially in regions of Africa and Meso- and South America. The...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

HarvestPlus Cassava Strategy

Vitamin A deficiency increases the risk of diseases such as diarrhea and measles and, when severe, can even lead to blindness in children. Cassava is an adaptable crop that will grow on marginal soils and is able to withstand disease and drought. For these reasons, it is an important staple food for millions of people around the world, especially among...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

Harvestplus Crop strategy

HarvestPlus est un Challenge Program du Groupe consultatif pour la recherche agricole internationale (CGIAR), une alliance au niveau mondial qui mobilise la science pour aider les populations pauvres. HarvestPlus estime qu’en augmentant la teneur en micronutriments des aliments de base consommés à chaque repas, les cultures biofortifiées pourraient...

Published in 2011, by Harvestplus

HarvestPlus in Africa

In Africa nearly 200 million people are malnourished and at risk of disease, blindness, stunting, and other illnesses due to micronutrient malnutrition. Hunger and poverty in developing countries are closely linked; 75% percent of the world’s ultra poor (those living on less than 50 cents a day) are in Africa. Most poor Africans rely on diets consisting...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

HarvestPlus Maize Strategy

Vitamin A deficiency is widely prevalent in Africa and afflicts millions of children, resulting in morbidity, blindness, and even death. For many millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa (and Latin America) maize is a subsistence crop. Maize is also one of the most genetically diverse crops in the world, and scientists have found varieties that have...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

HarvestPlus Sweet Potato Strategy

Children with vitamin A deficiency are at increased risk of severe morbidity from common childhood infections such as diarrheal diseases and measles. In cases of extreme deficiency, they can become blind. More than 95% of the world’s sweet potato crop is grown in developing countries, where it is the fifth most important food crop. African farmers produce...

Published in 2009, by HarvestPlus

HIV/AIDS, TB and Nutrition - Scientific enquiry into the nutritional influences on human immunity with special reference to HIV infection and active TB in South Africa.

A fascinating evidence based account reviewing research of how malnutrition and HIV and TB interrelate, and the importance of intensive nutritional support for people with HIV.

Published in 2007, by ASSAf

How to Conduct a Food Security Assessment: A Step-by-Step Guide for National Societies in Africa

This guide should be used as a practical tool to undertake an initial food security assessment. It goes through the different stages of a food security assessment, and provides techniques and examples of how to perform a food security assessment. The guide can be used both in rural or urban settings.

Published in 2006, by IFRC

Humanitarian oasis in a parched health sector: Refugees and host populations in eastern and southern Chad

The purpose of the evaluation is to assess the collective humanitarian response to the ongoing humanitarian situation in Chad, and to assist health actors (the Chad Ministry of Health [MoH], UN agencies, the NGO community and donors) to respond to meet the ongoing needs of refugee and host populations in eastern and southern Chad.

Published in 2006, by Dr Markus Michael, Dr Nigel Pearson, Adoum Daliam

Importancia de la situación de la mujer para la nutrición infantil en los países en desarrollo

Este documento es un informe de investigación y un resumen de IFPRI no 131. El estudio investiga la relación entre la situación de la mujer y la nutrición infantil en tres regiones en desarrollo: el sudeste asiático, el África subsahariana, y América Latina y el Caribe. Reproduced with permission from the International Food Policy Research Institute (www.ifpri.org).

Published in 2004, by IFPRI, Lisa C. Smith, Usha Ramakrishnan, Aida Ndiaye, Lawrence James Haddad, Reynaldo Martorell

Improving food security in Arab countries

This joint working paper lays out a rationale and strategic framework for improving food security and managing food-price shocks in the Arab countries.

Published in 2009, by FAO, IFAD, World Bank

Insight: Impact of early initiation of exclusive breastfeeding on newborn deaths

The Alive & Thrive Projet's first technical brief explores the pathways by which early and exclusive breastfeeding reduces newborn deaths and discusses program implications.

Published in 2010, by Alive & Thrive

Insight: Why stunting matters

This technical brief discusses the negative effects of stunting and the steps we can take to prevent them. It is the second in a series of technical briefs that address the continuum of care for good infant and young child feeding, from initiation of early and exclusive breastfeeding through complementary feeding in later infancy and the second year of life....

Published in 2010, by Alive & Thrive

Integrated Food Security and Humanitarian Phase Classification: Technical Manual Version 1

This manual provides technical guidance to the use of IPC among FSAU analysts and technical partners, and will hopefully contribute to on-going global efforts to standardize core elements of humanitarian analysis and response (e.g., the SMART, Benchmarking, Needs Analysis Framework, Humanitarian Tracking Service, and Sphere Project).

Published in 2006, by FSAU, FAO

Integrating Vitamin A with Immunization - An Information and Training Package

TRAINING module for integrating Vitamin A with immunization programmes. The training sessions cover: General information Logistics and supplies Administration of Vitamin A capsules Record-keeping Social mobilization Monitoring and supervision In addition there are case studies for Malawi and Ethiopia. The training is aimed for all contexts,...

Published in 2003, by The Micronutrient Initiative, Helen Keller International, WHO

Interpreting and Using Mortality Data in Humanitarian Emergencies - Network Paper Number 52

Technical paper written for non-technical humanitarian actors using mortality data. It provides an overview of epidemiological concepts and indicators of mortality to allow for interpretation and use of mortality reports.

Published in 2005, by Francesco Checchi, Les Roberts, ODI

Iron supplementation of young children in regions where malaria transmission is intense and infectious disease highly prevalent

Following the publication of two studies evaluating the impact of iron and zinc supplementation on childhood mortality and severe morbidity in Nepal and Zanzibar, WHO and UNICEF published a Joint Statement to emphasize the fact that iron and folic acid supplementation should be targeted only to those children who are anaemic and at risk of iron deficiency....

Published in 2006, by WHO

Joint evaluation of the international response to the Indian Ocean tsunami: Synthesis report

The TEC's Synthesis Report represents the culmination of over a year's work by TEC member agencies. It examines the successes and failures as well as the constraints within which the response occurred between the first 8 and 11 months of the response. It does this by distilling the findings and learning from over 140 additional reports, including many TEC...

Published in 2006, by John Telford, John Cosgrave , Rachel Houghton

La nutritión y la ayuda en alimentos - differentes modalidades, differentes impactos

Tanto los alimentos por trabajo como su distribución gratuita están cada vez más al alcance de los hogares pobres y vulnerables, con un impacto positivo directo en el ‘peso para la talla’. Los beneficios de los programas varían dependiendo del sexo del niño y, a veces, del sexo del beneficiario. Reproduced with permission from the International...

Published in 2003, by IFPRI, PMA - WFP

Land Tenure Systems and their Impacts on Food Security and Sustainable Development in Africa

Concerns over the food security situation in sub-Saharan Africa are reflected in the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) to reduce the number of food insecure by half by 2015. Given that land plays an important role in the livelihoods of the majority of Africans, food security and poverty reduction cannot be achieved unless issues of access to land, security...

Published in 2004, by UNECA

Landscape of Nutrition Indicators within Government-Led Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in 16 PEPFAR-Funded Countries

This landscape analysis documents nutrition indicators that are collected at the national level in 16 PEPFAR-funded countries. A total of 321 nutrition-related indicators were identified and are presented by country in the report.

Published in 2016, by FANTA/FHI360/USAID

Lessons from Rwanda - Lessons for Today

Following the 1994 genocide in Rwanda the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs initiated a comprehensive evaluation of the international response. The findings were highly critical of nearly all the international actors. Ten years after the genocide the Ministry commissioned this assessment of the impact and influence of the evaluation. It concludes that the...

Published in 2005, by DANIDA

Low Input Food and Nutrition Security: Growing & Eating More Using Less

The manual presents a step by step and hands-on approach to achieve food and nutrition security. The manual is a result of a investigative study in 2005 in Malawi which covered over twenty programmes that that were running between 1-10 years. The purpose was to determine an appropriate model for improving food diversification in food insecure communities,...

Published in 2005, by WFP, Stacia Nordin, RD

Micronutrients in Somalia: a Pocket Guide

Guidelines including information on micronutrients and the disorders that result from their deficiency as part of a strategy to counter malnutrition problem in Somalia through short and longer term interventions aimed at prevention. The guidelines are applicable outside Somalia and are accompanied by Flip Charts for training use.

Published in 2005, by FSAU, FAO

Module 7: gestion de la vie familiale, domestique et personnelle

Ce module a pour but d'amener les formateurs/trices à acquérir des compétences de base en matière d’hygiène, de santé, de nutrition, de gestion de l’environnement et des biens en vue d’assurer un meilleur encadrement aux filles et aux femmes en particulier pour l’amélioration de leur cadre de vie.

Published in 2002, by UNESCO

NUTRITION - A Guide to Data Collection, Analysis, Interpretation and Use

Manual aimed at mid-level managers in all sectors who would like to better understand nutrition information and its use. The manual sets out all the steps involved in nutrition data collection and analysis including practical guidance for use by survey enumerators, health facility workers and other field workers. Additional materials have also been prepared...

Published in 2005, by FSAU, FAO

Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual

This training course is designed to enable African institutions of higher learning to integrate nutrition and HIV and AIDS into their training programmes. The manual is intended to complement existing materials and curricula, and is targeted at tutors of medical or health sciences, applied human nutrition, dietetics or home economics, and food technology and...

Published in 2004, by FANTA

Nutrition Beyond the Health Sector: A Profile of World Bank Lending in Nutrition from 2000-2006

The World Bank report Repositioning Nutrition as Central to Development (2006) explicitly recommended improving nutrition by not only working through the health sector, but also in non-health sectors such as agriculture and education. This report provides descriptive and financial profiles of the Bank’s recent portfolio in nutrition (from FY2000 to late...

Published in 2008, by World Bank

Nutrition et aide alimentaire - modalités differentes, impacts differents

Les programmes de vivres contre travail et distribution alimentaire gratuite en rejoignant de plus en plus les ménages pauvres et vulnérables ont un impact positif direct sur l’indice staturopondéral. Les bénéfices de ces programmes varient selon le sexe de l'enfant et, parfois, de celui du destinataire. Reproduced with permission from the...

Published in 2003, by IFPRI, PAM - WFP

Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations - Report Number 16

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these Reports on Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action. The Reports are designed to provide information over time on key outcome indicators from emergency- affected populations, play an advocacy role in bringing the plight of emergency affected...

Published in 2008, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations - Report Number 18

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these Reports on Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action. The Reports are designed to provide information over time on key outcome indicators from emergency- affected populations, play an advocacy role in bringing the plight of emergency affected...

Published in 2009, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations - Report Number 19

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these Reports on Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action. The Reports are designed to provide information over time on key outcome indicators from emergency- affected populations, play an advocacy role in bringing the plight of emergency affected...

Published in 2009, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations - Report Number 20

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these Reports on Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action. The Reports are designed to provide information over time on key outcome indicators from emergency- affected populations, play an advocacy role in bringing the plight of emergency affected...

Published in 2009, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations - Report Number 21

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these Reports on Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action. The Reports are designed to provide information over time on key outcome indicators from emergency- affected populations, play an advocacy role in bringing the plight of emergency affected...

Published in 2010, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Policy Discussion Paper No 03 - The Prevention and Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders

This paper is the third in the ACC/SCN's State-of-the-Art series. Like the two previous papers, on nutrition education and control of vitamin A deficiency, it provides information to assist decisions on policies and programmes to prevent widespread nutritional problems. Iodine deficiency is one of these, affecting some 200 million people. Yet science and...

Published in 1988, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Policy Discussion Paper No 04 - Women's Role in Food Chain Activities and the Implications for Nutrition

We hope that the wide-ranging information herein will further the crucially important cause of women, specifically in relation to nutrition, in several ways. First, women's central role in providing for adequate nutrition - of families, communities, and indeed nations - in being described here in detail should help to give increased prominence to the need...

Published in 1989, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Policy Discussion Paper No 05 - Malnutrition and Infection - A review

The combination of malnutrition and infection causes most of the preventable deaths in developing countries, certainly among young children. Malnutrition increases the risk and worsens the course of infectious disease; and infection leads to malnutrition. Thus we have used the expression “malnutrition-infection complex”. Good nutrition undoubtedly is a...

Published in 1989, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition Policy Discussion Paper No 06 - Women and Nutrition

Women, throughout most of the world, have the major responsibility for their families' nutrition. Their own nutrition is often impaired, under the social and biological stresses they face. Developments that improve women's position in society are likely to improve nutrition overall, and are essential for this. Equally, any activities aimed at preventing...

Published in 1990, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition-Relevant Actions in Tanzania

This Tanzanian case study provides an example of how a poor country can combat malnutrition through political commitment and choice. It gives hope that while socio−economic development is important to achieve the nutrition goals of the 1990’s, much progress can be made without waiting for the trickle down effects of economic development.

Published in 1993, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Nutrition-Relevant Actions in Zimbabwe

This review of the nutrition situation in Zimbabwe over the years since independence in 1980 will consider both nutrition−related problems and actions.

Published in 1992, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Occasional Paper 15: Widening the ‘Window of Hope’; Using Food Aid to Improve Access to Education for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Sub-Saharan Africa

We hear it over and over. It seems as though every new report released, every article published and every speech delivered decries the fact that a generation of development gains is being wiped out by the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. This troubling reality is nowhere more evident than in parts of sub- Saharan Africa where the impact of the epidemic dwarfs the...

Published in 2003, by WFP, Robin Landis

Occasional Paper 16: Fortifying Food in the Field to Boost Nutrition: Case Studies from Afghanistan, Angola and Zambia

This Occasional Paper outlines three approaches by WFP to fortifying food in Afghanistan, Angola and Zambia. It examines the challenges faced and the outcomes achieved in an effort to share this knowledge with others dedicated to improving the nutritional status of poor and food-insecure people.

Published in 2006, by WFP, Tina Van den Briel, Edith Cheung, Jamshid Zewari, Rose Chan

Older People in Disasters and Humanitarian Crises: Guidelines for Best Practice

Guidelines for best practice aimed at helping relief agencies meet the special needs of older people in emergencies. General guidelines based on wide-ranging new research from Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas and many years' global disaster experience.

Published in 2007, by HelpAge International, UNHCR

Opportunities for Africa’s Newborns: Practical data, policy and programme support for newborn care in Africa

For preventing malnutrition in young children, it is vital to promote newborn survival and to improve birth weights. The book provides an overview of the continuum of care through the lifecycle and opportunities to address gaps at all levels - family and community care, outreach services and health care facilities. Case studies are analysed in order to learn...

Published in 2010, by WHO, Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child health

Progrès pour les enfants : un bilan de la nutrition (No. 4)

Le présent bilan – le quatrième d’une série de l’UNICEF qui surveille les progrès accomplis en faveur des enfants – mesure les résultats obtenus au plan mondial dans le domaine de la nutrition, en prenant comme indicateur principal le pourcentage d’enfants de moins de cinq ans présentant une insuffi sance pondérale. La communauté...

Published in 2006, by UNICEF

Progreso para la infancia: un balance sobre la nutrición (No. 4)

El propósito de este balance –el cuarto de una serie de balances preparados por UNICEF para realizar un seguimiento sobre el progreso de la infancia hacia los ODM– es evaluar el desempeño mundial en materia de nutrición, tomando como indicador básico la prevalencia de peso inferior al normal entre los niños y niñas menores de cinco años. Aun...

Published in 2006, by UNICEF

Progress for Children: A Report Card on Nutrition (No. 4)

This report card – the fourth in a UNICEF series that monitors progress for children towards the MDGs – measures the world’s performance on nutrition, taking the prevalence of underweight among children under five as its primary indicator. The global community promised to cut the proportion of underweight children by half between 1990 and 2015, but we...

Published in 2006, by UNICEF

Protecting and Promoting Good Nutrition in Crisis and Recovery

GUIDELINES designed to further the development of a more strategic focus that strengthens programme planners' capacity to protect and promote good nutrition in crisis situations. Its purpose is to establish a common vision and standpoint from which to assess, analyse and improve nutritional well-being in a variety of emergency contexts. It will be relevant...

Published in 2005, by FAO

Protocol for the management of Severe Acute Malnutrition

With training materials and a summary wall chart. National guidelines based in recent standard protocols. Suitable for managers and health workers.

Published in 2007, by Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 18 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the eightteenth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1996, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 20 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twentieth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1997, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 21 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty first of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1997, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 22 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the nineteenth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1997, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 23 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty third of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1998, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 24 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty fourth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly...

Published in 1998, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 25 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

This issue of the RNIS Report reviews some of the changes in emergency response over the last five years. It starts by highlighting situations where wasting was brought rapidly under control. It then looks at some of the factors that have led to less than optimal results, followed by what has been accomplished to improve response over the last five years. It...

Published in 1998, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 26 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty sixth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1999, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 27 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty seventh of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly...

Published in 1999, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 28 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty eighth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly...

Published in 1999, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 29 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the twenty ninth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 1999, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 30 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the thirtieth of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 2000, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 31 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. This is the thirty-first of a regular series of reports. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about...

Published in 2000, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 32 and 33 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about nutrition, health, and survival in refugee and displaced...

Published in 2001, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 34 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The 34th issue of the RNIS provides updates on selected emergency contexts around the globe. The focus is predominantly Sub-Saharan Africa and this reflects the greater amount of nutritional information from emergency contexts that is currently available for the region. Some previously covered countries such as Rwanda, the Republic of Congo and the...

Published in 2001, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 35 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The 35th issue of the RNIS provides updates on selected emergency contexts around the globe. The focus is predominantly Sub-Saharan Africa and this reflects the greater amount of nutritional information from emergency contexts that is currently available for this region. There is also a large section on the Afghan Region which reflects the severity of the...

Published in 2001, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 36 and 37 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about nutrition, health, and survival in refugee and displaced...

Published in 2002, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 38 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about nutrition, health, and survival in refugee and displaced...

Published in 2002, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 39 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN ACC/SCN issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. Information is obtained from a wide range of collaborating agencies, both UN and NGO. The information available is mainly about nutrition, health, and survival in refugee and displaced...

Published in 2002, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 40 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. The key point of the reports is to interpret anthropometric data and to judge the various risks and threats to nutrition in both the long and short term.

Published in 2003, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 41 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. The key point of the reports is to interpret anthropometric data and to judge the various risks and threats to nutrition in both the long and short term.

Published in 2003, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 42 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. The key point of the reports is to interpret anthropometric data and to judge the various risks and threats to nutrition in both the long and short term.

Published in 2003, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Refugee Nutrition Information System No 43 - Report on the Nutrition Situation of Refugee and Displaced Populations

The UN Standing Committee on Nutrition issues these reports on the nutrition of refugees and displaced people with the intention of raising awareness and facilitating action to improve the situation. The key point of the reports is to interpret anthropometric data and to judge the various risks and threats to nutrition in both the long and short term.

Published in 2003, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Review of Trends, Policies and Programmes Affecting Nutrition and Health in Egypt (1970-1990)

The main objective of this report is to review the different policies, as well as programs affecting health and nutrition status of Egyptians over the period 1970−1990. The study will attempt to outline and examine Critically the major trends in the health and nutrition status of the Egyptians in the light of: − the Egyptian socio−economic setting; ...

Published in 1992, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Schools for nutrition

Out of ten children born in developing countries, one will die before his or her fifth birthday, for a disturbing total of more than 10 million young lives lost each year. In more than half of these deaths, undernutrition is an important factor. Clearly, something needs to be done to combat this emergency, and the IAEA is playing its part. With three events...

Published in 2007, by Lena Davidsson, IAEA

SCN News No 01 - Vitamin A Deficiency, Urbanization

Recent evidence that vitamin A supplementation may save the lives - as well as the sight - of children affected by the eye disease xerophthalmia due to vitamin A deficiency has given new urgency to a 10-year United Nations programme aimed at the control and prevention of vitamin A deficiency. Launched by a UN interagency meeting in October 1985, the...

Published in 1988, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 02 - First Report on the World Nutrition Situation

The first United Nations inter-agency report on the World Nutrition Situation was issued in December 1987, by the ACC/SCN. Trends in the numbers of underfed and malnourished people in developing countries are described, starting in the sixties and highlighting changes in the last five years, using indicators of population, food availability, child nutrition...

Published in 1989, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 07 - Refugees' Nutrition Crisis

The main focus of this SCN News is on refugees' nutrition crisis, as serious problems are experienced in meeting the nutritional needs of refugees. Furthermore, micronutrient intake and its relation to income and prices as well as the link between breastfeeding, birth spacing and nutrition are discussed.

Published in 1991, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 10 - Nutrition and Food Aid; Nutrition and Human Rights

Although the idea that adequate nutrition should be regarded as a fundamental human right appears in many different contexts in international law - these are not binding in practice. Another focus of this SCN News is on Nutrition Transition: Large shifts in dietary composition are taking place in some lower income countries with important implications for...

Published in 1993, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 13 - Behavioural Change and Nutrition Programmes; Poor Nutrition and Chronic Disease

This issue of SCN News features a report of discussions at the ACC/SCN symposium on behavioural change and nutrition programmes as well as a report of the proceedings of the ACC/SCN symposium on nutrition in the epidemiology and prevention of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity in developing countries.

Published in 1995, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 14 - Meeting the Nutrition Challenge

The focus of this issue of SCN News is on the nutrition challenge in the 21st century. New estimates of trends in malnutrition show some improvement worldwide, but at a substantially slower rate in the last few years than in the 1980s. This slowdown is cause for concern. It means that while the end of hunger and malnutrition had been coming into sight in the...

Published in 1997, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 15 - Effective Programmes in Africa for Improving Nutrition

This SCN News presents an overview of the Symposium 'Effective Programmes in Africa for Improving Nutrition, including Household Food Security' which was held at the SCN's 23rd Session in Accra, Ghana in February 1996.

Published in 1997, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 16 - Nutrition of the School-age Child

This feature brings together a variety of articles, and reports of two new publications on the health and nutrition of school-age children. The papers range in content from the assessment of nutritional status in school-age children, to examples of school-based nutrition and feeding programmes in different countries. The nutritional concerns of school...

Published in 1998, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 17 - Nutrition and HIV/AIDS

“Nutrition and HIV/AIDS” is featured in this newsletter. HIV continues its rapid and devastating spread in many areas of the world most notably sub-Saharan Africa. This feature addresses issues of HIV and Infant Feeding and the possible role of micronutrient deficiency on HIV progression. Adequate nutrition and food security must be recognised as...

Published in 1998, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 18 - Adequate Food: a Human Right

This SCN News presents an overview of the symposium "The Substance and Politics of a Human Rights Approach to Food and Nutrition Policies and Programmes" which was held at the SCN's 26th Session in Geneva, Switzerland in April 1999.

Published in 1999, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 19 - Nutrition and Healthy Ageing

It is projected that in 20 years there will be twice as many older people in the world, and 70% will live in developing countries. A radical change in our perception is needed: older people are not "burdens" or "problems" needing charity, but rather carers of children, advisers, teachers, guardians of culture, and volunteers for numerous community projects....

Published in 1999, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 20 - Nutrition and Agriculture

This issue of SCN News deals with nutrition and agriculture.

Published in 2000, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 23 - Civil Society and the UN system: Debate in the Food Security Arena

This issue of SCN News focuses on the interface between NGOs/civil society and the UN system concerning food security. SCN News 23 tries to take stock of what has not happened since the World Food Summit (WFS) in 1996. The postponement of the WFS: five year later meeting gives us a good window of opportunity to focus on what are still unanswered questions...

Published in 2001, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 24 - Nutrition in the Context of Conflict and Crisis

For this issue of SCN News the Secretariat team presents the full set of papers delivered at the 29th session in Berlin in March 2002 on the theme nutrition in conflict and crisis. The symposium touched upon the politics of humanitarian aid delivery, livelihood security, and the right to food and nutrition during emergencies.

Published in 2002, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 27 – Meeting the Challenge to Improve Complementary Feeding

This issue of SCN News focuses on the critical period of complementary feeding, and its importance to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Dr Chessa Lutter, from the Pan American Health Organization, has compiled a series of articles which depicts the challenges and possibilities to improving complementary feeding for young children.

Published in 2003, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 28 - Nutrition and the Millennium Development Goals

On 22 March 2004, international development practitioners and nutrition technocrats and scientists met at the United Nations in New York for the SCN Symposium on Nutrition as the key to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The Symposium focused on nutrition’s role in accelerating improvements in poverty reduction, sustainable development and...

Published in 2004, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 30 - Closing the Gap on the Right to Adequate Food: The Voluntary Guidelines

The focus of this edition of SCN News is on the challenges provided by the new Voluntary Guidelines on realizing the right to adequate food, adopted by the FAO Council last November. The papers include the SCN’s experience of developing case studies on how to strengthen food and nutrition components of national poverty reduction plans. They describe the...

Published in 2005, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 31 – Adolescence: a Pivotal Stage in the Lifecycle

This issue of SCN News features articles addressing a population that receives little attention: adolescents. UNFPA’s State of World Population (2005) estimates that there are 1.2 billion adolescents between 10-19 years of age today. Although not specifically mentioned in the Millennium Development Goals, adolescents are the future adults who will continue...

Published in 2005, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 33 - Diet-related Chronic Diseases and the Double Burden of Malnutrition in West Africa

This issue of the SCN News features the papers presented at the Nutrition Forum meeting in Cape Verde. This is the results of a new collaborative arrangement between the SCN and the West African Health Organization (WAHO) of the Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS). The Nutrition Forum of ECOWAS brings together the nutrition focal points of...

Published in 2006, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

SCN News No 37 - Landscape Analysis on Countries' Readiness to Accelerate Action in Nutrition

This issue of SCN News focuses on the Landscape Analysis on Readiness to Accelerate Nutrition Action with Chizuru Nishida of WHO as the Special Guest Editor. It describes the country assessments undertaken in five countries that are part of the 36 high-burden countries identified by the Lancet Nutrition Series.

Published in 2009, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Second Report on the World Nutrition Situation - Volume I: Global and Regional Results

This Second Report on the World Nutrition Situation comes at an important time. In the near future human well-being, to which nutrition is fundamental, could improve more rapidly throughout the world; but economic adjustments and mass migration are continuing threats. The results here show steady, if slow, progress in many countries in the last few years....

Published in 1992, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Second Report on the World Nutrition Situation - Volume II: Country Trends Methods and Statistics

Country-level data are intended to illustrate and promote understanding of observed trends in nutrition. They also, importantly, show the variety of situations, smoothed out in the regional data, from rapid improvement to stagnation or deterioration. As discussed in the text, the choice of countries was biased towards those with large populations. This means...

Published in 1993, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Seed vouchers in emergency programming: Lessons from Ethiopia and Mozambique. Background paper

Case studies and lessons learned for field staff and programme managers

Published in 2006, by Catherine Longley

Small-scale Cereal Milling and Bakery Products - Production methods, equipment and quality assurance practices

The purpose of this manual is to guide the small-scale cereal miller and baker in Uganda to optimize their processing methods and implement GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) and quality assurance schemes and build their technical capacity for improved market access and competitiveness. This manual covers technical aspects of cereal processing to produce...

Published in 2004, by UNIDO

Small-scale Fruit and Vegetable Processing and Products Production methods, equipment and quality assurance practices

The purpose of this manual is to guide small-scale processors in the Ugandan fruits and vegetables sector to optimize their processing methods and implement quality assurance schemes and GHP (Good Hygienic Practices) and GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) programmes thus building their technical capacity for improved market access and competitiveness. ...

Published in 2004, by UNIDO

Small-scale Root Crops and Tubers Processing and Products Production methods, equipment and quality assurance practices

The purpose of this manual is to guide the small-scale root crop and tuber processor in Uganda to optimize their processing methods and implement quality assurance schemes and GHP (Good Hygienic Practices) and GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) programmes thus building their technical capacity for improved market access and competitiveness. This...

Published in 2004, by UNIDO

Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation in the World Bank's Nutrition Portfolio

Recent developments in the World Bank towards a greater emphasis on results based management, on achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and a shift away from vertical programs towards programmatic lending and poverty reduction strategy credits (PRSCs) provided a backdrop to this discussion meeting on monitoring and evaluation for nutrition. The...

Published in 2003, by World Bank

Targeting Food Aid in Emergencies - Special Supplement

This report supplement is intended to provide guidance on the design of food targeting systems in emergencies. Targeting is defined as directing a particular type or quantity of food, to a defined population group. A broad definition of emergency contexts has been used, to include rapid and slow onset emergencies and responses aimed at emergency...

Published in 2004, by Emergency Nutrition Network

The Household Economy Approach

The aim of this manual is to describe the components of the HEA and the practical techniques needed to use them. It is primarily intended as a reference for people who have already had, or are engaged in, practical training in HEA. We suggest that readers of the manual who wish to use the approach to make significant operational decisions (for example,...

Published in 2000, by Save the Children UK

Third Report on the World Nutrition Situation

This Third Report on the World Nutrition Situation is part of a series of SCN reports initiated in the mid 80s on nutritional status of populations in developing countries. The centrepiece of earlier reports was estimates of regional trends in underweight of preschool children. This Third Report presents, for the first time, information on global and...

Published in 1997, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Update on the Nutrition Situation - 1994

This report updates the results given in the Second Report on the World Nutrition Situation. New data available at country level1 give recent trends in prevalences of underweight children, as the main nutritional indicator, in 18 countries. These can be compared with those reported in Volume II, to give a total of 46 national trend estimates for the 1980s...

Published in 1994, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition

Update on the Nutrition Situation - Recent Trends in Nutrition in 33 Countries

The report aims to describe recent trends in nutrition and certain potential determining factors, country-by-country. The approach is unavoidably ad hoc, due to the variable availability of data. Selected indicators of likely determinants of year-to-year change are emphasized, especially related to economic stress. Such factors are thought to be having...

Published in 1989, by UN Standing Committee on Nutrition